Planet Earth Pages

Waste Reduction

This issue's Planet Earth Pages were written by a team from the Halton Board of Education in Ontario: Al Finlayson, Joanne Harris, Ron Ballentine and Marilyn Bray.

"materialism places an unacceptable strain on natural resources, so it must become unthinkable to waste. It must become fashionable to conserve... to devote one's energy and time to the repairing and sustaining of the earth..."

- W.A. Andrews, 1992

This issue's Planet Earth Pages feature activities that focus on waste reduction in the school and community. The ideas are divided into grade level categories, but there may be suitable activites in one of the adjacent categories that can be adapted to your class. Have a look and judge for yourself!


Grades K-3

Arts
Solution Songs
Listen to a variety of environmental music and songs (for example, Dan Gibson, Ronno, Raffi, Kim and Jerry Brodey). Alternatively, make several visits to listen to the sounds in natural areas. Then have students work in small groups with adults or older students to create and record a song about reducing garbage. They can write new lyrics for a familiar tune or create their own melodies (a small electronic keyboard makes this even more enjoyable). They may also wish to record sounds from natural areas and add those to their recording.
Poster Power
Have small groups or individual students create posters containing one or more ideas for reducing the amount of garbage we make. The posters could illustrate before and after, or positive and negative; they could be a collage of photos, drawings, words and objects. A good lead-up to this is to have the class watch videos, such as Seven Ways to a Greener Planet, 50 Simple Things Kids Can Do To Save The Planet, Changes: An Environmental Lifestyle, or go on a field trip to a landfill or recycling centre.
Language Arts
Choose Your Own Future
After reading or listening to many stories about garbage or other waste problems, have children create interactive "choose your adventure" stories. The stories begin with a problem related to garbage and then give readers a choice of two or more possible solutions. Each solution leads to a different story path which shows a consequence of the choice and may lead to more decisions and choices for the reader. These stories could be published in a variety of ways including audio recordings, big books, individual author's books, or Hypercard stacks.
Play Power
Have students create and perform short skits on the theme of waste reduction. This works well with adult helpers or skilled junior students as "co-writers" and "directors." Make sure there is lots of time to develop and practice the piece, and that students have the opportunity to perform it for an audience such as a lunch time gathering of several other classes or a full school Earth or International Environment Day Assembly.
Social Studies
Waste Walk
Have students take "waste walks" around the school and neighbourhood searching for "garbage hot spots" and "garbage-free zones." Older children can create maps of the community and mark these spots as they go. Afterwards, organize a litter clean-up at the hot spots and create colourful door hangers, buttons or cards to recognize individual homes or businesses that are "garbage-free zones."
Science
Techno-Trash
This project links the concept of reuse with children's love of taking apart and building things. Gather a donated (or cheaply purchased) collection of used or broken appliances, car parts, or other machines. Have the children use tools to take apart the items, and then reassemble them or build new creations. Parents or other adults from the community can be recruited to assist students and ensure that materials are handled safely. Have older children draw a plan of their creation and describe what it is and what it does.

Grades 4-6

Arts
Design a Container
Have students design and make a container that helps them to organize their personal belongings, such as a pencil case, book bag or desk top organizer. To promote the concepts of recycling and reuse, have students either make the containers from used materials, or think of a container (such as a paper lunch bag) that they would ordinarily use only once, and design a reusable model (such as a cloth bag).
Green Holidays
Reuse as many materials as possible when celebrating holidays that occur during the school year. Make new cards from old cards and wrapping paper. Make new wrapping paper and gift envelopes by decorating good-on-one-side paper with paint and other scraps of cloth or paper. Reuse scrap materials to create holiday crafts. Have a gift exchange in which students pick names and bring a toy or game from home as their gift. For hundreds of other garbage free holiday ideas, see The New Green Christmas by The Evergreen Alliance, ISBN 1-879904-00-4.
Language
Multimedia Mission
With appropriate preparation by teachers, students can create multimedia presentations to raise awareness of and offer solutions to problems related to garbage. Stories, poetry, drawings, still photographs, laser disk or CD-ROM segments, and even video clips can be put together into very effective presentations using such software as Hypercard.
Past and Present
Have students generate questions about past and present attitudes toward waste. Are people concerned? Are they taking personal action? Should more be done by government leaders? Have them interview grandparents, parents and other adults to find out how people dealt with waste in the past. Using the information collected, have a class debate on the issue of waste.
Personal/Social Studies
Environmental Buddies
Have students pair up so that each has one or more environmental buddies. At least once a week, schedule a morning or afternoon for them to get together for a variety of activities from reading stories related to environmental protection to taking on a project to help the environment. Give students a variety of choices and allow them to suggest projects. Some possibilities are litter cleanups, habitat revitalization, and environmental awareness projects such as letter writing or "yellow fish" storm drain marking.
Waste Audit
Do a schoolwide waste audit. Start by having students walk about the school to survey waste collection areas (lunchroom, office, classrooms, etc.). Then assign a student team to audit each area to record the types of waste found. For each major type of waste that could be reduced (paper, compostable food, etc.), create a chart with the headings "Problems" and "Possible Solutions." Under "Problems," students record the observations they have made while doing the audit, (i.e. children playing with paper towels, throwing away half eaten fruit, etc.). Have students take their charts to other classes, present the problems, and record ideas from classes under "Possible Solutions." Have each team rank the solutions for each problem found in their area and use a webbing format to design a work plan to implement them. Headings should include Who, What, How, When, Where. Present the work plans to the rest of the class for evaluation and suggestions. Then prepare and present the work plan to the school, class by class, through posters, signs, talks, skits, and demonstrations.
Science and Technology
Landfill Visit
Visit the local landfill site, municipal recycling depot, sewage or water treatment plant, or hazardous waste depot to investigate how waste is managed in your community. Create flow charts to illustrate these processes, and identify the stages at which individual actions can have an impact.
Adopt a Site
Visit a local natural area and record observations about its ecological functioning. Create and implement an action plan that helps minimize the impact of waste on your adopted ecosystem.

Grades 7-9

Arts
Environmental Collage
As part of the study of waste management, use "found" materials to create a collage that expresses an environmental theme.
Make Something of It!
Children in less developed countries of the world are very capable of turning a piece of "junk" into a toy that will provide hours of play. Have students research types of games from around the world, and then design and create their own game or toy using "found" material. Reference: Games of the World: How to make them; how to play them; how they came to be. Available through UNICEF offices or Plenary Publications International Incorporated, 300 East 40 Street, New York, NY 10016.
Language Arts
Waste Management Success Stories
Read the article about waste reduction success stories in Green Teacher 41, (December 1994-January 1995). Identify four features of each school's program as described in the article. Collate the information in a chart and then select the features that you could use in your school to lead to improved waste reduction.
It's in the News!
Over a period of time, have students monitor your local or regional newspaper for news, advertising, feature articles and editorials that pertain to the environmental 4Rs. Use the information to assess how sensitive your community is to these issues. Offer to write an article for the local newspaper about initiatives your school is undertaking in waste management.
Math and Technology
Surf the Net
Access the Internet to send out a message asking other schools what initiatives they have undertaken to encourage the use of the environmental 4Rs in their schools. Collate the replies you receive. Make a display that indicates where the information originated and how it could be used in your school.
Graph Your Garbage
Monitor the types and quantities of garbage produced in your school. Graph this information and use this baseline data to identify possible areas for improvement in waste reduction efforts. After a specified period of time, measure the garbage production again and graph the results. Compare the "before" and "after" data to determine if your waste reduction campaign was successful.
Personal/Social Studies
Resource Reuse
Have students bring an item of clothing or furniture from home that needs repair, remodelling or rejuvenation. Complete the repair so that the item can be used again.
Community Exchange
Organize a games and toys exchange at your school. Promote the activity through your community school council. If it is organized as a money-making venture, select an appropriate use for the money raised.
Career Awareness
Have students job shadow a garbage collector, blue box truck operator, waste management consultant or others with jobs related to the environment. Determine what education path was required for these careers and their importance to society. Speculate about possible future careers in this area.

Grades 10-12

Language Arts
Media Study
Investigate the mass media's awareness and portrayal of waste issues. Are they part of the problem? Can they be part of the solution?
Multimedia Presentation
Prepare a multimedia presentation related to the issue of waste management.
Research
Have students review waste reference sources in their school resource centre. Determine areas deficient in information and take steps to locate and obtain data to fill the identified needs: Locate Internet sites, write to provincial/state departments of environment, contact environmental organizations.
Arts
Fashion Arts
Using good design principles, design and construct garments from reused materials (e.g. fabric scraps, old ties). Plan, publicize and carry out a "green" fashion show.
Science and Technology
Packaging
Analyze the role of packaging in our society as it relates to the accumulation of waste.
Where Does it Go?
Investigate the processes by which materials that are recycled are used to manufacture new materials.
Social Studies
Personal Action
Have students conduct a personal/home lifestyle waste audit. Determine how their homes can become less wasteful. Develop and carry out an action plan to make the necessary changes.
Global Perspective
Investigate issues related to waste management from a global perspective. How does one nation's waste affect other nations? How do rich and poor countries compare in types and amounts of waste generated and methods of waste management?

The Planet Earth Pages were written by a team from Halton Board of Education in Ontario, including Al Finlayson, Joanne Harris, Ron Ballentine and Marilyn Bray.