The Multilateral Agreement on Investment ( )

Joint NGO Statement on the Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI) to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

ENDORSED BY 560 ORGANIZATIONS IN 67 COUNTRIES

INTRODUCTION

As a coalition of development, environment, consumer and women's groups from around the world, with representation in over 70 countries, we consider the draft Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI) to be a damaging agreement which should not proceed in its current form, if at all.

There is an obvious need for multilateral regulation of investments in view of the scale of social and environmental disruption created by the increasing mobility of capital. However, the intention of the MAI is not to regulate investments but to regulate governments. As such, the MAI is unacceptable.

MAI negotiations began in the OECD in the Spring of 1995, more than two years ago, and are claimed to be substantially complete by the OECD. Such negotiations have been conducted without the benefit of participation from non-OECD countries and civil society, including non-governmental organizations representing the interests of workers, consumers, farmers or organizations concerned with the environment, development and human rights.

As a result, the draft MAI is completely unbalanced. It elevates the rights of investors far above those of governments, local communities, citizens, workers and the environment. The MAI will severely undermine even the meagre progress made towards sustainable development since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992.

The MAI is not only flawed in the eyes of NGOs, but conflicts with international commitments already made by OECD member countries:

The MAI fails to incorporate any of the several relevant international agreements such as the Rio Declaration; Agenda 21; UN Guidelines for Consumer Protection (1985); the UNCTAD Set of Multilaterally Agreed Principles for the Control of Restrictive Business Practices (1981); the Beijing Declaration on Women and the HABITAT Global Plan of Action.

The MAI fails to comply with OECD commitments to integrate economic, environmental and social policies (1).

The MAI removes responsibilities on transnational enterprises which were previously agreed by the OECD under the OECD Guidelines for Multilateral Enterprises 1976 (2).

The exclusion of developing countries and countries in transition from the negotiations is inconsistent with OECD policy on development partnerships (3).

Problems with the MAI stem both from the broad restrictions it places on national democratic action, and from its failure to include sufficient new systems of international regulation and accountability.

As the MAI stands, it does not deserve to gain democratic approval in any country. All the groups signing this statement will campaign against its adoption unless changes, including those cited below, are incorporated into the body of the MAI.

SUBSTANTIVE CONCERNS

As drafted, the MAI does not respect the rights of countries - in particular countries in transition and developing countries - including their need to democratically control investment into their economies.

The level of liberalisation contained in the MAI has already been opposed as inappropriate by many developing countries. However, non-OECD countries are under increasing pressure to join.

There are differing investment and development needs of OECD and non-OECD countries. In particular, the potential for economic diversification and development of the developing countries - especially the least developed countries - and countries in transition would be severely undermined by the provisions of the MAI. The standstill principle would cause particular problems for countries in transition, many of which have not yet developed adequate business regulation.

The MAI's withdrawal provision would effectively bind nations to one particular economic development model for fifteen years; prevent future governments from revising investment policy to reflect their own assessment of the wisest economic course; and force countries to continue to abide by the agreement even if there is strong evidence that its impact has been destructive.

The MAI contains no binding, enforceable obligations for corporate conduct concerning the environment, labour standards and anti-competitive behaviour. The MAI gives foreign investors exclusive standing under a legally binding agreement to attack legitimate regulations designed to protect the environment, safeguard public health, uphold the rights of employees, and promote fair competition.

Further, citizens, indigenous peoples, local governments and NGOs do not have access to the dispute resolution system, and subsequently can neither hold multinational investors accountable to the communities which host them, nor comment in cases where an investor sues a government.

The MAI will be in conflict with many existing and future international, national and sub-national, laws and regulations protecting the environment, natural resources, public health, culture, social welfare and employment laws; will cause many to be repealed; and will deter the adoption of new legislation, or the strengthening of existing ones.

The MAI is explicitly designed to make it easier for investors to move capital, including production facilities, from one country to another; despite evidence that increased capital mobility disproportionately benefits multinational corporations at the expense of most of the world's peoples.

WE CALL ON THE OECD AND NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS TO:

With regard to substantive concerns:

1) Undertake an independent and comprehensive assessment of the social, environmental, and development impact of the MAI with full public participation. The negotiations should be suspended during this assessment.

2) Require multinational investors to observe binding agreements incorporating environment, labour, health, safety and human rights standards to ensure that they do not use the MAI to exploit weak regulatory regimes. Ensure that an enforceable agreement on investor responsibilities takes precedence over any agreement on investor rights.

3) Eliminate the investor state dispute resolution mechanism and put into place democratic and transparent mechanisms which ensure that civil society, including local and indigenous peoples, gain new powers to hold investors to account.

4) While none of the undersigned NGOs object to the rights of investors to be compensated for expropriation by a nation state, there are adequate principles of national law and jurisprudence to protect investors in circumstances such as these. The current MAI exceeds these well accepted concepts of direct expropriation, and ventures into areas undermining national sovereignty. We therefore request that OECD members eliminate the MAI's expropriation provision so that investors are not granted an absolute right to compensation for expropriation. Governments must ensure that they do not have to pay for the right to set environmental, labour, health and safety standards even if compliance with such regulations imposes significant financial obligations on investors.

With regard to process concerns:

1) Suspend the MAI negotiations and extend the 1998 deadline to allow sufficient time for meaningful public input and participation in all countries.

2) Increase transparency in the negotiations by publicly releasing the draft texts and individual reservations and by scheduling a series of on going public meetings and hearings in both member and non member countries, open to the media, parliamentarians and the general public.

3) Broaden the active participation of government departments in the official negotiations beyond state, commerce and finance to a broader range of government agencies, ministries and parliamentary committees.

4) Renegotiate the terms of withdrawal to enable countries to more easily and rapidly withdraw from the agreement when they deem it in the interest of their citizens. Developing countries and countries in transitions which have not been a party to the negotiations must not be pressured to join the MAI.

CONCLUSION

The current MAI text is inconsistent with international agreements signed by OECD countries, with existing OECD policies, and with national laws to promote sustainable development. It also fails to take into account important work carried out by investment experts and official bodies such as the UNCTAD "development friendliness" criteria for investment agreements (4) and other work on investor responsibility.

If the OECD policy statements are to have any meaning, the above provisions must be fully integrated in the MAI with the same legal force as those on economic liberalisation.

Given our grave concerns about the MAI and the unrealistically short time frame within which the MAI is being concluded, we look to the OECD and its member governments to fundamentally reconsider both the process and substance of the draft agreement. We call on the OECD to make a specific and detailed written response to our concerns. We also call on the OECD to avoid talking publicly about its consultations with NGOs without also talking about the serious concerns raised at those consultations.

Finally, we will continue our opposition to the MAI unless these demands are met in full.

Notes:

(1) OECD Ministerial Communique May 1997

(2) OECD Code of Conduct for Multinational Enterprises, Paris 1992 (3) "Shaping the 21st Century: The Contribution of Development Cooperation", OECD 1997. (4) UNCTAD, World Investment Report 1997; UNCTAD Expert Meeting," Development Friendliness Criteria for Investment Frameworks", 1997.

Non-Governmental Organizations supporting this statement include:

Argentina:
Friends of the Earth Argentina

Australia:
AID/Watch
Australia Greens
Australian Conservation Foundation
Australian Coalition for Economic Justice
Australian Health and Development Group
Children South Australian MAI Community Awareness Campaign Southern Women's
Group
Friends of the Earth Australia
Mineral Policy Institute
National Council of Single Mothers and their Children Public Health Association South Australian MAI Community Awareness Campaign Southern Women's Group, Inc.
TOES Australia Economic Reform
Urban Ecology Australia
Women's International and Referral Exchange, Inc.

Austria:
Alternate and Green Syndicat
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
Austrian Anti-Nuclear NGO
Basis Initiative Nawi Gruene (BING)
Beirat fuer gesellschafts-, wirtschaffs-und unweltpolitsche Bitte um Bestatigung unter Commission Internationale pour la protection des Alpes (CIPRA)
Encounter Center for Active Non-Violence
Friends of the Earth Austria
Gewerkschaftlicher Linksblock (GLB)
Green Party of Austria
Komm Ent
OEIE-Kaernten
Sandwind-Agentur Vorarlberg
Southern African Documentation and Cooperation Centre

Bangladesh:
Friends of the Earth Bangladesh
Ubinig

Belarussia:
Belarussian Division of International Academy of Ecology

Belgium:
Centre de Recherche e d'information des Organisations de Consummateurs
European Environmental Bureau
National Center for Development Cooperation

Brazil:
Associacao para Projetos de Combate a Fome Brazillian Institute of Economic and Social Analysis (IBASE)
Fundacao CEBRAC
Fundacao Francisco
Global Forum on Sustainable Food and Nutritional Society
IBASE
NGO World Ideas Network
Rede Dia Mundial da Alimento

Bulgaria:
Centre for Environmental Information & Education
MAR - Bulgaria Youth Alliance for Development
Za Zemiata

Canada:
Albernai Environmental Coalition
Alliance for Public Accountability
Antigonish Coalition for Economic Justice
The Area Clamdiggers Association
BC Green Party
Borrowers' Advocate
Calancan Bay Villagers Support Coalition
Canadian Association for the Study of Adult Education Peace Group
Canadian Catholic Organization for Development & Peace
Canadian Consortium for International Social Development
Canadian Council for International Cooperation
Canadian Environmental Law Association
Canadian Environmental Networks
Canadian Institute for Environmental Law and Policy
Canadian Labour Congress
Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society
Canadian Union of Public Employees
Canadian Voice for Women and Peace
Costa Rica Saskatchewan Twinning Project
Council of Canadians
Council of Canadians - BC Chapter
Council of Canadians - Cowichan Valley Chapter
Council of Canadians - Mid-Island Vancouver
Council of Canadians- Montreal Chapter
Distributed Knowledge Project
Earth Rainbow Network
Eco-Materials Group
Enviro Clove
Falls Brook Centre
Federation Nationale des Associations de Consommateurs du Quebec
Friends of Temagami
The GAIA Project
Georgia Strait Alliance
Global Compliance Research Project
Greenpeace Canada
Greenways Committee
Guideposts for a Sustainable Future
The Halifax Initiative, which includes:
CCIC
Inter-Church Coalition on Africa
Oxfam-Canada
Results-Canada
Social Justice Committee of Montreal
Sierra Club of Canada
Toronto Environmental Alliance
World Inter-Action Mondiale
Indonesia - Canada Alliance
Inter-Church Committee on Human Rights in Latin America
Island Natural Growers
Lifecycles Project Society
Malaspina Students Union Local 61,
Canadian Federation of Students
Manitoba MAI Awareness Coalition
Manitoba Federation of Labor
Manitoba Future Forest Alliance
Montreal Raging Grannies
Nanoose Conversion Campaign
National Action Committee on the Status of Women
The New Democratic Opposition
Nipissing Environmental Watch
North Island Students Association
Northwatch
North-South Institute
Nova Scotia Public Interest Research Group
Nova Scotia Voice of Women
Ocean Voice International
Ottawa Local Employment and Trading System
OPIRG - Ottawa
OPIRG - Carleton
Pacific Institute
Power River Greenways
The Powell River Regional District
Quality of Life Network
Reach for Unbleached Foundation
Rogers Environmental and Educational Foundation
Saskatchewan Environmental Society
Saskatoon Chapter of Council of Canadians
Sierra Club of Canada
Sierra Youth Coalition
Solution to Pollution
Turtle Island Earth Stewards
West Coast Environmental Law Association
Western Canada Wilderness Committee
The Windsor Arena MAI - Day Coalition
The Windsor Chapter of the Council of Canadians
Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
The World Federalists of Canada
World Interaction Mondiale
University of British Columbia MAI - Not Group
University of Victoria Students' Society


Chile:
Centro de Estudios Uruguayo de Tecnologas Apropriadas
Friends of the Earth Chile

Costa Rica:
Friends of the Earth Costa Rica

Croatia:
Green Osijek
Oasis

Czech Republic:
Institute for Environmental Policy
Hnuti Duha/Friends of the Earth Czech Republic

Curacao:
Friends of the Earth Curacao

Denmark:
Friends of the Earth Denmark

El Salvador:
Friends of the Earth El Salvador

Egypt:
Eco-Peace - Middle East Environmental NGO Forum

Estonia:
Tartu Student Nature Protection Group

Europe:
AEDENAT
A SEED Europe
Central and Eastern European Bankwatch Network
Climate Network Europe
Women in Development Europe (WIDE)

Finland:
Finnish Association for Nature Conservation
Friends of the Earth Finland

France:
Ecoropa-France
Friends of the Earth France
Helio International

Germany:
Alliance 90/the Greens
Friends of the Earth Germany
Germanwatch North-South Initiative
Germanwatch
Heinrich Boll Foundation
Initiative bessere Zukunft
Kairos Europe
Southwind Agency
Urgewald
World Economy, Ecology and Development Association (WEED)

Greece:
Association of Social and Ecological Intervention

Grenada:
Friends of the Earth Grenada

Haiti:
Friends of the Earth Haiti

Hungary:
Egyetemes Letezes Teremeszetvedelmi Egyesulet (ETK)
'For the Danube' Association
Hungarian Traffic Club
National Society of Conservationists

India:
Consumer Unity & Trust Society (CUTS)
International Study for Gandhian Studies
Lokayan

Indonesia:
Friends of the Earth Indonesia


International:
Association for Sustainability & Equity in the Americas
Forum Environment and Development
Friends of the Earth International (FoEI)
Global Action Plan
Global Help Project
Greenpeace International
Guideposts for a Sustainable Future
ICDA
NABU
Pacific Environment & Resources Center
People-Centered Development Forum
Third World Network
Witness for Peace
Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF)
Women's Environment & Development Organisation (WEDO)
World Wide Fund for Nature International (WWF-I)
World Information Transfer

Ireland:
An Talamh Glas
Friends of the Earth Ireland

Israel:
Eco-Peace - Middle East Environmental NGO Forum
Shatil

Italy:
Associazone per la Pace - Pordenone
Associazone Proiezione Peters
Centro Internazionale Crocevia
Cooperativa Itaca- Pordenone
CTM-Movimondo
Friends of the Earth Italy
Greenpeace Italy
IDOC International
Reform the World Bank Campaign
Service Civil International


Japan:
APEC Monitor NGO Network
Baraban Heritage Society
Blue Sky Network
Friends of the Earth Japan
International Peoples Health Council
Institute for Alternative Community Development
Japan Tropical Forest Action Network
Kansai NGO Council
Network 'Earth Village'
Osaka YMCA
Pacific Asia Resource Center
People's Forum 2001

Jordan:
Eco-Peace - Middle East Environmental NGO Forum

Kenya:
Economic and Social Policy Initiatives
Environment Liason Centre International
National Council to Combat Desertification

Latvia:
Association for a Different Europe
Environmental Protection Club

Lithuania:
Friends of the Earth Lithuania
Lithuania Green Movement

Luxembourg:
Friends of the Earth Luxembourg

Macedonia:
Center for Civic Initiatives
Friends of the Earth Macedonia

Malaysia:
Friends of the Earth Malaysia

Mauritania:
Maudesco
Small Farmers Movement

Mexico:
Accion para la Democracia
Accion Ciudadana de Sonora
Accion Estrategica y Pastoral(SPAN)
Alianza Vallesana
Alianza Cuidadana Ambientalista A.C.
Alimentos, Medicinas y Equipos para la Paz A.C.
Asesores para el Avance Social
Campo de Oaxaca
Centro de Estudios del Campo Mexicana
Centro de Estudios Ecumunicos
Centro de Atencion a la Mujer
Centro de Apoyo al Movimiento Popular Oaxaque
Centro de Integral para Promotir es Comunitanos A.C.
Centro de Investigacion y Asesoria Laboral
Centro de Investigacion y Accion de la Mujer, A.C.
Centro de Ecologia y Desarollo
Centro de Estudios Sociales y Ecologicos
Comision Mexicana para la Defensa y Promocion de los Derechos Humanos
Comite de Derechos Humanos de Tabasco
Convergencia Veracruzana
Convergencia de Organismos Civiles por la Democracia, A.C.
Desarrollo, Ambiente y Sociedad
Educacion, Cultura y Ecologia, A.C.
Equipo Pueblo
Escuela de Capacitacion Civica SLP
Espiral
Federacion de Sindicatos Autenticos de Guanajuato
Frente Civico de Sinaloa
Frente Civico de Acapulco
Frente Autentico del Trabajo
Frente por el Derecho a la Alimentacion
Fronteras Comunes
Gabriel Camara (Personal)
Grupo Ecologista del Mayab A.C.
GRUPO DE LOS CIEN INTERNACIONAL
Grupos de Estudios Ambientales A.C.
Indicadores Desarrollo y Analisis (IDEA)
International Federation of Human Rights (LIMEDDH-FIODH)
Intersindical Valle de Mexico
Investigacion y Educacion Popular Autogestiva A.C.
Liga Mexicana por la Defensa de los Derechos Humanos, subsidiary of the
Movimiento por la Paz con Justicia y Dignidad
Movimiento Cuidadano por la Democracia
Mujeres sin Fronteras A.C.
Mujeres Comprometidas Con Mexico
Mujeres en AcciÛn Sindical (MAS) A.C.
Nuevo Amanecer Press
Pacto de Grupos Ecologistas
ProNatura Chiapas A.C.
Red Mexicana de Accion Frente al Libre Comercio (RMALC)
Red Yucateca de Organizaciones
Red Nacional de Organizaciones Ecologistas "Pacto de Grupos Ecologistas"
Red Mexicana de Cabildeo por el Desarrollo
Servicios Informativos Procesados A.C.
Servicios Informacion Procesada
Sindicato de Trabajadores de Elevadores Otis
Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadoras de la Industria del Hierro y el Acero
Sindicato Libertad de Trabajadoras de la Confeccion
Sindicato de Trabajadores de la Industria Metalica, Acero, Hierro, Conexos ye
Similares
Sindicato de Trabajadores de la Contruccion 1 de Mayo
Sindicato de Trabajadores de la Industria Textil "Belisario Dominguez"
Sindicato de Trabajadores del Inca Rural
Sindicato Unico de Trabajadores de la Secretaria de Pesca
Sociedad Mexicana de Psicologia Social
Trasparencia
UCISV-Vearacruz, Pobladores A.C.
Union de Productores de Vidrio del Estado de Mexico
Union de Cooperativas Independientes
Union de Ejidos del Distrito de Jimenez Chihuahua
Universidad Autonomo Metropolitana


Moldova:
Biotica Ecological Society

Mozambique:
Kepa

Nepal:
Forum for Protection of Public Interest
SAWTEE, Kathmandu

Netherlands:
Alternatieve Konsumentenbord
ANPED, Netherlands
BothENDS
Corporate Europe Observatory
De Kleine Aard
Friends of the Earth Netherlands
Greenpeace Netherlands
Health Action International
Infocentrum Wageningen
Institute for Cultural Ecology
Naar Een Ander Europa
Netherlands Committee of the IUCN
Tools for Transition, Netherlands
Towards a Different Europe
Women in Europe for a Common Future
Women for Peace International
Women's Party
Working Group for a Feminist Group

New Zealand:
Fair Deal Coalition
Friends of the Earth New Zealand
Women's International League for Peace and Freedom

Nigeria:
Friends of the Earth Nigeria

Norway:
Friends of the Earth Norway
Red Electoral Alliance

Palestine:
Eco-Peace - Middle East Environmental NGO Forum

Pakistan:
Society for Conservation and Protection of Environment (SCOPE)

Philippines:
Alternate Forum for Research in Mindanao (AFRIM), Inc, Philippines
Asian NGO Coalition for Agrarian Reform and Rural Development
Center for Alternative Development
Ecological Society of the Philippines
Institute for Popular Democracy
Lingkod Tao-Kalikasan

Poland:
CEECAP-Poland
Polish Ecological Club

Portugal:
Ambiental para Barlavento

Romania:
Ecosens
Rhodendendron

Russia:
Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development "Eco-Accord"
Eco-Defense
Environmental Education Coordination Center
Green Cross
Green World
KE Association
Socio-Ecological Union
World Information Service on Energy (WISE)

Slovakia:
Center for Environmental Public Advocacy
SOSNA, Center for Sustainable Alternatives

Slovenia:
LABECO - Center for Environmental Research
Institute for Cultural Ecology
The Slovenian Foundation for Sustainable Development
Umanotera

South Africa:
South African Municipal Workers Union

South Korea:
Green Korea United

Sri Lanka:
Environmental Foundation Ltd.

Sweden:
Forests, Trees & People at Department of Rural Development Studies
Friends of the Earth Sweden
Swedish Society for Nature Conservation

Switzerland:
Friends of the Earth Switzerland
Swiss Interchurch and Cambodia Programme
Swiss Coalition of Development Organisations
Women's World Summit Foundation

Thailand:
Focus on the Global South

United Kingdom:
Abantu for Development
Action on Disability and Development
Catholic Fund for Overseas Development (CAFOD)
Centre for Complexity and Change
Christian Ecology Link
Environmental Investigation Agency
Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland
Green Party of England and Wales
Iona Community
International Coalition for Development Action
Lancashire Global Education Centre
Socialists Environment and Resources Association
Third World First
World Development Movement

United States:
Alternatives in Action!
Alliance for Democracy
Animal Welfare Institute
Arizona Toxics Information
Asia Pacific Environmental Exchange
Border Ecology Project
Boulder Independent Business Alliance
California Fair Trade Coalition
Campaign for Labor Rights
Caroline Interfaith Task Force on Central America
Center for Sustainable Systems
Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL)
Center of Concern
Chicago Local of the Democratic Socialists of America
Chicago Metropolitan Sanctuary Alliance
Chicago Religious Leadership Network of Latin America
Citizen's Alliance of Santa Barbara
Coalition for Forests
Comboni Missionaries, Justice and Peace Resource Center
Community Nutrition Institute
Cornucopia Network of New Jersey
Cross Border Network for Justice and Solidarity
Culture's Edge
Cumberland Counties for Peace and Justice
Defenders of Wildlife
Democratic Socialists of America
Democratic Reform News
Development GAP
EarthWINS
Employment Research Association
Epicenter
Fair Trade Coalition of Colorado
Federal Land Action Group
Fifty Years is Enough
Friends of the Earth United States
Global Corporate Accountability Issue Group
Global Exchange
Greater Kansas City Fair Trade Coalition
Green Party of Rhode Island
Ground Work for a Just World
Hightower & Associates
Howard County Friends of Central America and the Carribean
Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy
Institute for Food and Development Policy
Institute Justice Team for Sisters of Mercy of the Americas
Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility
Inter-Hemispheric Resource Center
International Forum on Globalization
International Law Center for Human, Economic and Environmental Defense (HEED)
International Labor Rights Fund
International Union of Electricians (IUE) Local 1140
International Rivers Network
International Study for Gandhian Studies
Kansas Farmers Union
Klamath Siskiyou Wildlands Center
Latin American Energy Response Network
Leadership Council of Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Hearth of Mary
Long Island Progressive Coalition
McKeever Institute of Economic Policy Analysis
Medical Mission Sister's Alliance for Justice
Midwest Center for Labor Research
Mining Impact Coalition of Wisconsin
Minnesota Fair Trade Coalition
Mountcastle International
National Commission for Economic Conversion & Disarmement
National Family Farm Coalition
National Farmers Union
National Wildlife Federation
Native Forest Council
NETWORK
Network for Environmental and Economic Responsibility
of the United Church of Christ
New Economic Foundation
New York Student Environmental Action Coalition
New Jersey Citizen Action
New Jersey Work Environment Council
New Jersey State Council of YWCAs
Nicaragua Network
Northern Sanitiam Watershed Council
Pacific Environment & Resources Center
Pax Christi Michigan State Council
Pax Christi-Maine
Peace Action of San Mateo County California
Peace and Justice Center of Vermont
Pennsylvania Fair Trade Campaign
Pennsylvania Consumer Action Network
Pesticide Action Network North America
Presbyterian Church
Progressive Review
Project Underground
Project Biodiversity in Public Forests Network
Project South: Institute for the Elimination of Poverty & Genocide
Public Citizen's Global Trade Watch
Pure Food Campaign
Rainforest Action Network
RAFI-USA
Reform Party of Texas
Resource Center for the Americas
Rural Vermont
Sane Distribution
San Francisco Labor Council for Latin American Advancement
Sierra Club
Student Environmental Action Network Montana
Synapses
Sustainable Alternative to the Global Economy (SAGE)
Texas Fair Trade Campaign
The Edmonds Institute
Tourism Industry Development Council
United Church Board for World Ministries
United Church of Christ,
Network for Environmental and Economic Responsibility
United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America
United Labor Council of Redding and Berks County
University Conversion Project
Upavim Crafts
U.S. Catholic Mission Association
Values Project
Washington Office on Latin America
Western Ancient Forest Campaign
Wetlands Preserve
Witness for Peace
Woodstock Institute
Worldview
World Hunger Year
8th Day Center for Justice

Ukraine:
Green Peace of Izmail
Mama-86

Uruguay:
World Rainforest Movement

Yugoslavia:
Centre for Non-Violent Conflict Resolution
Green Table


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